Melati
Melati (Inggeris: Jasmine, sanga goar taksonomi na ima Jasminum[1]) ima sada genus ni somak-somak dohot Jaitun tondong ni Jaitun (Oleaceae). Adong hira-hira 200 ragam asli sian luat namariklim tropis dohot danggol di Eurasia dohot Oseania. Bunga melati on pe bahat disuan mambahen aroma na angur.
Habitat[patota | patota mualna]
Bunga Melati on somalna mangolu manang maringanan di luat tropis dohot subtropis songon di Eurasia, Australia, dohot Oseania, bope adong holan sada sian 200 ragam adong mangolu di Eropa.[2][3] Pogu angkaragam na mangolu di Asia Dangsina dohot Asia Anggoni.[4]
Bahat ragam ni bunga Melati naung dinaturalisasi di Eropa Mediterania. Songon bunga melati Ispania (Jasminum grandiflorum) rona sian Asia Pastima dohot India, dung i sonari dinaturalisasi di Semenanjung Iberia
Taksonomi[patota | patota mualna]
Spesies bunga on ima genus Jasminum nadiklasifikasi di toru ni solkot bunga melati horong ni Jaitun (Oleaceae).[5] Jasminum dibagi gabe lima bagian—Alternifolia, Jasminum, Primulina, Trifoliolata, dohot Unifoliolata.
Etimologi[patota | patota mualna]
Panggoaran genus on ro sian hata Persia ima hata yāsamin, nadipadomu sian bahasa Arab, Turki dohot Latin.[6][2][7][8][9][10]
Ragam[patota | patota mualna]
Angka ragam ni melati on, ima:[11]
- J. abyssinicum Hochst. ex DC. – Melati harangan
- J. adenophyllum Wall. – melati anggur balau, melati pilopilo, melati putri
- J. andamanicum N.P.Balakr. & N.G.Nair
- J. angulare Vahl
- J. angustifolium (L.) Willd.
- J. auriculatum Vahl – melati India, melati bunga jarum
- J. azoricum L.
- J. beesianum Forrest & Diels – melati narara
- J. dichotomum Vahl – Melati Pantai Sere
- J. didymum G.Forst.
- J. dispermum Wall.
- J. elegans Knobl.
- J. elongatum (P.J.Bergius) Willd.
- J. floridum Bunge
- J. fluminense Vell.
- J. fruticans L.
- J. grandiflorum L. – Melati Katalan, aroma melati, melati harajaan, melati Ispania
- J. grandiflorum L.Vell.
- J. humile L. – melati Italia, melati huning Italia
- J. lanceolarium Roxb.
- J. laurifolium Roxb. ex Hornem. melati sayap malaikat
- J. malabaricum Wight
- J. mesnyi Hance – Melati Japang, melati primrose (mawar), melati kuning
- J. multiflorum (Burm.f.) Andrews – Melati India, melati bintang, melati musim dingin
- J. multipartitum Hochst. – melati riar marbintang
- J. nervosum Lour.
- J. nobile C.B.Clarke
- J. nudiflorum Lindl. – melati musim dingin
- J. odoratissimum L. – melati huning
- J. officinale L. – melati umum, melati, melati penyair, melati musim panas, melati nabontar
- J. parkeri Dunn – melati kerdil (teger)
- J. polyanthum Franch.
- J. sambac (L.) Aiton – Melati arab, melati sambac
- J. simplicifolium G.Forst.
- J. sinense Hemsl.
- J. subhumile W.W.Sm.
- J. subtriplinerve Blume
- J. tortuosum Willd.
- J. urophyllum Hemsl.
- J. volubile Jacq..
Bunga Nasional[patota | patota mualna]
Adong marpiga nagara manang nagara bagian mambahen bunga Melati gabe simbol nasional. Angka nagara i, tarmasuk ma:
- Indonesia: Jasminum sambac ima bunga nasional, diadopsi taon 1990.[12] Bunga "melati putih" bahat dipangke tingki ulaon parbagason somalna di pulo Jawa.
- Siria: Kota di Siria, ima Damaskus dijou Kota Melati.[13]
- Hawaii: Jasminum sambac ("pikake") ima bunga umum nadipangke di leis, gabe subjek bahat ni ende sian nagara Hawaii.
- Pakistan: Jasminum officinale ditanda panggoaran na "chambeli" sanga "yasmin", ima bunga nasional Pakistan.
- Pilipina: Jasminum sambac ima simbol bunga nasional ni Pilipina. Diadopsi taon 1935, ditanda panjouanna di Pilipina ima "sampaguita".
- Thailand: Bunga melati dipangke gabe simbol keibuan di Thailand.[14]
Pustaha[patota | patota mualna]
- ↑ Sunset Western Garden Book (1995), alaman 606–607, 6 September 2021
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 C.C. Townsend and Evan Guest (1980). "Jasminum officinale," in Flora of Iraq, Vol. 4.1. Baghdad, alaman 513–519, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Ernst Schmidt. Mervyn Lötter. Warren McCleland. Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park (2002), Jacana Media, alaman 530, 6 September 2021
- ↑ H. Panda. Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants (2005), National Institute Of Industrial Research, alaman 220, 6 September 2021
- ↑ A.K. Singh. Flower Crops: Cultivation and Management (2006), New India Publishing, alaman 193–205, 6 September 2021
- ↑ F. Steingass (1891). A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. London, alm. 1526.
- ↑ Karl Vollers (1896). "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten," in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 50: 650.
- ↑ "jasmine, -in, jessamine, -in", OED
- ↑ "jasmine." Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002.
- ↑ Metcalf, 1999, alm. 123.
- ↑ Jasminum information from NPGS/GRIN, Germplasm Resources Information Network - USDA, Beltsville - Maryland, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Keputusan Presiden No. 4 Tahun 1993 (2 April 2012), www.proxsis.com, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Anabel Bachour Damascus, the City of Jasmine (23 Februari 2017), Peacock Plume, Student Media, The American University of Paris, France, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Symbolic and spiritual meaning of jasmine flowers (3 Januari 2017), Gardening Tips, 6 September 2021